What Is Cross Rate

The currency exchange rate between two non-official of each country currencies. This is also sometimes used to refer to currency quotes where the U.S. dollar is not involved, regardless of  this quote is provided in which country.

Spot foreign exchange transaction

Spot foreign exchange transactions refer to spot trading between large banks and large customers.After the sales are agreed by both sides,settlement funds receipt and payment must be completed within two business days.Personal foreign exchange trading,also known as foreign exchange treasure,means the trading transactions of transforming a foreign currency into another foreign currency by banks entrusted by individuals, refering to the international real-time foreign exchange market exchange rate.
Since Shanghai Industrial and Commercial Bank of China began to proxy individual foreign exchange business in December 1993, along with tremendous growth in individual foreign exchange deposits of Chinese residents, changes in the introduction of new trading and investment environment,and the rapid development of personal foreign exchange trading business,it has become the largest investment outside except the stock market in our country . Up to now, Industrial and Commercial Bank,Bank of Agriculture,Bank Construction,Bank of Communication,Bank of Merchants, Everbright Bank have carried out several other personal foreign exchange trading business.

Participants in foreign exchange market

Participants in the foreign exchange market include central banks, commercial banks, non-bank financial institutions, brokers, dealers and large multinational companies of various countries. They trade frequently on a huge amount of transaction,with each transaction are in millions of dollars, even 10 million U.S. dollars. Participants in foreign exchange transactions,by the purpose of their transactions, can be divided into two types,that are investors and speculators.

What is the main features of Euro cash?

The main features of euro banknotes can be simply summarized as the following:
Currency Name: Euro
Issuer: European Central Bank
Currency Symbol: EUR
Coins carry: 1 euro = 100 euro cents
Banknote denominations: 5,10,20,50,100,200,500 euros. Mint has a total of eight denominations,that is 1,2,5,10,20,50 euro and 1 euro, 2 euros.

What is the Activated Lever?

Customers can choose up to 400:1 leverage.Activated Lever allows customers to choose leverage that suits their own trading strategies best.

Leverage                    margin required

50:1                        2%
100:1                       1%
200:1                       0.50%
250:1                       0.40%
300:1                       0.333%
400:1                       0.25%

what’s the main feature of Dollar in cash?

The main features of U.S. dollars in cash can be simply summarized as the following:
Currency Name: U.S. Dollar
Issuer: U.S. Federal Reserve Bank
Currency Symbol: USD
Coins carry: 1 U.S. dollar = 100 cents
Banknote denominations: 1,2,5,10,20,50,100 per seven. Large denomination bank notes of 500

and 1,000 yuan previously issued , are no longer in circulation. Fractional currency

includes 1, 5,10, 25 , 50 cents,etc.
Since 1913 the United States established the Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve notes

were issued.More than 99% of the existing banknotes in circulation are the Federal Reserve

notes. Dollar distribution rights belong to the U.S. Treasury, the specific issue of

business are handled by the Federal Reserve Bank. U.S. dollar is the base currency in

currency exchange,and also the mojor currency in the international payments and foreign

exchange transactions ,and it plays a very important position in the international foreign

exchange market .

Variety of notes-convertible foreign currency

Currently,foreign currency exchange can be conducted in various banks of Beijing offering foreign exchange services.Among them,the Bank of China’s cover the most widest range of foreign currencies. Currently, redemption of currency in Bank of China are: Euro, Pound Sterling, U.S. dollar, Swiss franc, Singapore dollar, Swedish krona, Danish krone, Norwegian krone, Japanese yen, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, Philippine peso, Thai baht and other foreign currencies and local currency, NT, MOP.Foreign exchange premiums of all designated foreign exchange banks are based on the benchmark rate announced by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, including the central parity of the U.S. dollar, euro, yen and Hong Kong dollar against the yuan ,calculating the premium by setting various other currencies against the yuan . Now the exchange rate of banks include cash purchase price, cash purchase price, middle price, cash offer price, cash offer price. Among them, the cash offer price and selling price are the same .

Comparison Between Trading foreign exchange margin and Firm offer trade

The so-called margin trading is that investors carry out foreign exchange transactions financed by banks, Mint or the broker.Personal foreign exchange trading firm offer is personally entrusted banks,refering to the real-time international foreign exchange market exchange rate, to a foreign currency transactions into another kinds of foreign currency transactions. Because investors must hold enough to sell foreign currency in order to carry out transactions more popular on the international foreign exchange margin trading mechanism for the lack of margin trading, short selling and financing leveraged institutions, it is also known as a firm offer trade. Foreign exchange margin trading spot foreign exchange trading, also known as contracts, deposit transactions, virtual disk transactions that specializes in foreign exchange investors and financial firms (banks, dealers or brokers), signed a contract commissioned by the sale of foreign exchange to pay a certain ratio (usually no more than 10%), margin trading can be a multiple of a certain financing transactions 100,000, hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars in foreign exchange. Therefore, this kind of contract of sale is only on a foreign exchange price to make a written or oral commitments, then wait for the prices up or down, the further sale of the settlement spread from the change in profit. Of course, investors have to bear the corresponding risk of loss.

Abbreviations of Currencies

Renminbi
RMB
U.S. dollar
USD
Yen
JPY
Euro
EUR
Pound
GBP
DM
DEM
Swiss Franc
CHF
French franc
FRF
Canadian Dollar
CAD
Australian Dollar
AUD
HK
HKD
ATS
ATS
Finnish markka
FIM
Belgian franc
BEF
Irish pound
IEP
Italian lira
ITL
Luxembourg franc
LUF
Dutch guilder
NLG
Portuguese escudo
PTE
Spanish peseta
ESP
Indonesian rupiah
IDR
Malaysian Ringgit
MYR
New Zealand
NZD
Philippine peso
PHP
Russian ruble
SUR
Singapore Dollar
SGD
South Korean won
KRW
Thai Baht
THB

The relationship between War and Gold

Historically, gold is not just a means to guard against inflation, but also form to prevent the war, insurance against natural disasters. Different from notes, no matter what the social environment or a state, gold is an effective medium of exchange of equivalent value, is a kind of hard currency free of the local social system, economic, environmental impact.

For example,the Second World War, l977 ~ 1978 Middle East war, the Iranian revolution in 1979, the war in Afghanistan in 1980, 1986, Iran-Contra affair, and the assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan, the Gulf War, in particular, September 11, 2001 in the United States after the terrorist events happened and the war the United States launched against the Taliban in Afghanistan, have made the price of gold rise sharply in a short time.